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Sinai Peninsula
The Sinai Peninsula or simply Sinai (; (アラビア語:سيناء) '; ', ; (ヘブライ語:סיני) ') is a triangular peninsula in Egypt about in area. It is situated between the Mediterranean Sea to the north, and the Red Sea to the south, and is the only part of Egyptian territory located in Asia, as opposed to Africa, serving as a land bridge between two continents. The bulk of the peninsula is divided administratively into two of Egypt's 27 governorates (with three more straddling the Suez Canal area), and has a population of approximately 1,400,000 people. In addition to its formal name, Egyptians also refer to it as ' ( "the land of turquoise"). The ancient Egyptians called it ''Mafkat'', or "land of the green minerals".〔("Étude de la turquoise : de ses traitements et imitations" ), thesis by Claire Salanne, Université de Nantes, 2009.〕
The Sinai Peninsula has remained a part of Egypt from the First Dynasty of ancient Egypt ( BC) until the 21st century. This comes in stark contrast to the region north of it, the Levant (present-day territories of Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel and the Palestinian territories), which, due largely to its strategic geopolitical location and evolutionary cultural convergences, has historically been the centre of conflict between Egypt on the one hand, and one or the other of the states of ancient and medieval Mesopotamia and Asia Minor. In periods of foreign occupation, the Sinai was, like the rest of Egypt, also occupied and controlled by foreign empires, in more recent history the Ottoman Empire (1517-1867) and the United Kingdom (1882-1956). Israel invaded and occupied Sinai during the Suez Crisis (known in Egypt as the ''Tripartite Aggression'' due to the simultaneous coordinated attack by the UK, France and Israel) of 1956, and during the Six-Day War of 1967. On 6 October 1973, Egypt launched the Yom Kippur War to retake the peninsula, which was the site of fierce fighting between Egyptian and Israeli forces. By 1982, as a result of the 1973 war and the ensuing Israel-Egypt Peace Treaty of 1979, Israel had withdrawn from all of the Sinai Peninsula except the contentious territory of Taba, which was returned after a ruling by a commission of arbitration in 1989.
Today, Sinai has become a tourist destination due to its natural setting, rich coral reefs, and biblical history. Mount Sinai is one of the most religiously significant places in Abrahamic faiths.
==Name==
The name ''Sinai'' may have been derived from the ancient moon-god Sin〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sinai Peninsula (peninsula, Egypt) - Britannica Online Encyclopedia )〕 or from the Hebrew word ''Seneh'' ((ヘブライ語:סֶ֫נֶּה) ')〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sinai, Mount )〕 The peninsula acquired the name due to the assumption that a mountain near Saint Catherine's Monastery is the Biblical Mount Sinai. However this assumption is contested.〔See Biblical Mount Sinai for a fuller discussion.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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